HomeMy WebLinkAbout4 - Ordinance Amendment - Chickens, Ducks, and QuailAince 1857
Hastings
MINNESOTA
Planning Commission Memorandum
To: Planning Commission
From: Justin Fortney, City Planner
Date: May 13, 2024
Item: Ordinance Amendment #2024-16— Amend Ordinances: 155 & 91 Keeping of
Chickens in Residential Areas
Planning Commission Action Requested
Hold a public hearing and review the attached amendment proposal to Hastings City Zoning
Code 155 and Animal Code 91, to allow ducks, quail, and additional chickens and make a
recommendation to the City Council.
History
The City of Hastings has allowed the keeping of four chickens since the summer of 2021 on
residential properties. There are currently nine chicken license holders and there have been
no complaints.
A request has been made to increase the number of chickens from four to six and to allow
ducks and quail. Alternative poultry for backyard chicken flocks are sought for a variety of
reasons. The number one reason is due to chicken egg allergies. Although, cross-reactivity is
common with quail eggs (69%) and duck eggs (66%).1
Research - Ducks
Ducks are starting to be allowed in some cities that have allowed chickens. In most of those
instances, the allowable number of ducks is lower than the number of allowable chickens.
The cities allowing ducks indicated that it was a recent change and there have been few to
no license applications to report on.
Duck facts:
- They are relatively quiet including the drakes (males).
- Messier than chickens, as their excrement is much wetter than chickens.
Need more space than chickens.
o They nest and lay on the floor rather than a perch
o They can be larger than chickens.
o More area is needed for waste to dry.
o They don't require a pond but need bathing water deep enough to submerge
their head.
- Mixing chickens and ducks in the same coop is debatable. It is often done
successfully. The two have different needs but can adapt. They generally wouldn't
choose to live together, certainly not in the wild.
Research — Quail
Few cities allow quail specifically by name. Some allow them because they are not
specifically prohibited. Most cities that allow quail, do it by allowing poultry in general.
Those cities often subtract out poultry that are not allowed (turkey, guineafowl, etc). Often
those cities have limited numbers of poultry regardless of type. This is very limiting for Quail
since they are substantially smaller than the other poultry.
Quail facts:
- Quail are quiet. Male calls are low and sound like a songbird.
- They and their eggs are small (3-4 = a chicken egg)
- They need to be housed on their own, not as part of a mixed flock.
- They need a fully enclosed house and cage because of their flighty nature.
- Typical housing resembles a raised cage or hutch with a wire floor and an enclosure
with sand or wood shaving/ straw litter. Sometimes people build a netted aviary.
- Total space required is 1.5 square feet each.
Feedback from other cities
Staff reached out to many of the cities allowing ducks or quail. The response was uniformly
that there have not been any issues, but that they have few to no license holders other than
for chickens. Most of the allowances were new and there were only a small number of or
no citizens that had ducks or quail. Some cities require applicants to choose chickens or
ducks, but most don't address cohabitation. Typically, cities only allow one coop.
The city of Cottage Grove Code Enforcement Officer said there are not any licensed ducks
yet. Based on her experience growing up with chickens and ducks, she believes they should
not cohabitate and too many ducks will cause an odor issue.
A city of Minneapolis animal control service representative said with a tier I permit, they
allow up to 6 fowl including chickens and ducks in combination. He said they have not had
any issues that couldn't be rectified.
City
Allowed
Notes
Zumbrota
10 chickens and or ducks, only 4
may be ducks
No pools, one duck license
North Branch
6 chickens and or ducks
Brainard
4 chickens OR 4 ducks
Can't have both
Cambridge
6 chickens and or ducks
Separate coops required, allow drakes
Isanti
6 chickens and up to 2 ducks
Duck wings must be clipped
Oak Park
Heights
4 chickens and or ducks
Ducks must be flightless, no wing
clipping. 2 duck licenses have been
issued.
Minneapolis
6 chicken ducks, or quail
They weren't sure if anyone has
applied for ducks yet.
Cottage Grove
6 fowl or poultry
They have about 30 licenses, no ducks,
one quail.
Specific to Quail
Maplewood
10 Poultry of the order Galliformes
(includes Quail)
Excludes turkeys and roosters
Oakdale
6 Poultry
4 SF/ bird coop, 10 or 16 SF run
Baudette
12 birds total, 6 may be chickens
coop/ run area 10 SF per chickens and
2 SF for quail
Staff recommendation
There haven't been issues with the four chickens currently allowed in Hastings. While
allowing up to four chickens is the most common among other cities, many have increased
their allowance to six or more. Current regulations require four square feet per chicken for
coop sizing and eight square feet for the run. This is on the higher end for chickens, but on
the low end for duck coops and very low for duck runs. A higher ratio is more critical in this
climate where they will be coop bound more often. Staff is proposing to allow less ducks
than chickens due to a higher likelihood of smells and their need for more space. Staff is
also proposing to not allow for keeping of both chickens and ducks at one property. Two
separate coops facilities will clutter yards and be esthetically detracting. Forcing animals
from different orders to live together doesn't seem ethical, even if it works. Staff is also
proposing to not allow duck ponds or kiddie pools for duck features. Swimming water is not
necessary and raises concerns as stagnant water that would breed mosquitos, smells, and
bacteria. Quail hutches are very small and can be easily screened making them very
compatible on a residential lot, even in addition to chickens or ducks.
The attached ordinance amendment proposal includes changes to the existing keeping of
chickens regulations, which were adopted in 2021. Below is a summary of substantive
changes.
1. Allow up to 6 female chicken (from 4)(no ducks).
2. Allow up to 3 female ducks (no chickens).
a. No ponds or kiddie pools allowed.
b. Coops minimum of 5 square feet and runs of 15 square feet/ duck (slightly
more than for chickens 4 & 8 SF).
3. Allow up to 10 quail. 1.5 square feet each.
a. Quail hutch/ cages must be screened and meet property line setbacks
Attachments:
• Ordinance Amendment Proposals
ADD Delete
91.02 Keeping Of Animals
It is unlawful for any person to keep any animal (other than cats and dogs), not in transit, in any part of the city not
zoned for agricultural purposes.
A. Exceptions.
1. Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus), ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), and quail (Coturnix
japonica domesticus) subject to the following regulations:
a. Purpose. The purpose of this division is to provide a means, through the establishment of
specific standards and procedures, by which chickens, ducks, and quail can be kept in
areas that are principally not used for agricultural. It is recognized that the keeping of
chickens is clearly incidental and subordinate to the primary use and will not be allowed
to negatively impact the character, health, safety or general welfare of the surrounding
area.
b. License required. No person shall keep chickens ducks and quail within the city on any
nonagricultural property without first obtaining a license from the city, where permitted
by the zoning ordinance. For purposes of this subsection, "property" shall mean the lot or
contiguous lots that are owned or controlled by the applicant upon which the license shall
apply.
c. Application. An application for a license to keep chickens ducks, and quail shall be made
to the city clerk on the form prescribed by the city. The applicant must provide all the
information required on the form, including, but not limited to:
1) The name and address of the owner(s) of the chickens, ducks, and quail and the
owner of the property where they chickcns will be kept, if different;
2) The number of chickens or ducks. and quail to be kept on the property;
3) A scaled site plan or property survey showing the property dimensions, the
proposed location of the building and enclosed outdoor area to house the chickens
on the subject property along with the dimensions of the building and enclosure;
4) A drawing or picture of the proposed building to house the chickcns keeping
improvements along with a list of the exterior materials for the building;
5) Payment of the fee for the license to keep chickens, ducks, and quail as set forth
in the city fee schedule.
d. Granting issuance of license. The city clerk may administratively approve a license or
license renewal under this subsection if:
1) The applicant has submitted the required documentation that meets the
requirements herein; and
2) For renewal applications, the license holder has not had more than two violations
of this subsection within the previous 12 months.
e. Standards. Any person keeping chickens, ducks, and quail on nonagricultural property,
where permitted by the zoning ordinance, shall comply with the following:
1) Up to four total hcn chickcnsUp to 10 quail and six chickens or three ducks may
be kept on any property of any size.
2) For large properties, (a single lot or more than one contiguous lot combined) that
arc more than one acre double the original number of chickens, ducks, and quail
allowed may be kept per each acre over one acre.may keep four hcn chickcns per
3) No person shall keep chicken roosters or drake ducks on the property.
4) The slaughter of chickcns animals within the city is prohibited.
5) The owner of the chickens, ducks and quail shall live in the residential dwelling
on the property.
6) Chickens ducks, and quail more than feur-two months old shall not be kept inside
the residential dwelling.
f. Shelter and outdoor enclosure requirements. Every person who owns, controls, keeps,
maintains or harbors lrchickens, ducks, and quail must keep them confined on the
premises at all times and provide them with a building te-shelter the chickcns and an
cncloscd outdoor ar a. Buildings to housc thc chickcns and cncloscd outdoor ar as for the
chickcns shall comply that complies with the following standards:
1) Chickens and ducks shall be provided with a secure well well -ventilated roofed
structure with a solid floor. The floors and walls of the roofed structure shall be
kept clean, sanitary and in a healthy condition.
2) Only one building and enclosed outdoor area to house the chickens or ducks and
one cncloscd outdoor ar a shall be allowed per lot.
3) Buildings to house the chickens or ducks shall comply with the accessory
building requirements and standards in 155.05(D).
4) Fencing for the required enclosed outdoor area for the chickens or ducks may
utilize poultry netting fence. Fencing may be galvanized or earth tone but shall
not be bright colors and in no case can the fence be electrified. Fencing for the
enclosed outdoor area should be six feet high or secured from above for predator
protection. to bcttcr protcct thc chickcns from prcdators.
5) Buildings to house thc chickens shall provide for a minimum of 4 square feet per
chicken. The enclosed outdoor area shall provide for a minimum of 8 square feet
per chicken.
6) Buildings to house ducks shall provide for a minimum of 5 square feet per duck.
The enclosed outdoor area shall provide for a minimum of 15 square feet per
duck.
7) Building hutches to house quail shall provide for a minimum of 1.5 square feet
per quail. The buildings hutches shall include an enclosed section with a solid
floor and caged area with a solid roof. Building hutches must be screened from
view.
4 -)Any device used for heating (i.e. heat lamps) within the building to housc the
chickcns must be properly rated for that use and secured so as not to cause a fire
hazard.
5)9) Buildings and lenclosed outdoor areas for thc chickcns shall not be located in the
front or side yards.
6)10) Any building to housc chickcns and the enclosed outdoor area for the
chickens, ducks, and quail shall be set back at least five feet from all property
lines.
g. Duration of license. A license to keep chickens, ducks, and quail shall be issued to the
applicant for a period of five years, so long as thc license holder continucs to own
chickcns. The license is not assignable or transferrable. If the license holder moves from
the property but the chickens ducks or quail remain on the property, the new owner must
apply for a new license. If any license holder does not own chickens, ducks, or quail for a
period of one year, the license automatically terminates.
h. Conditions/maintenance and inspections. No person who owns, controls, keeps,
maintains or harbors chickens ducks, and quail shall permit the premises where they
chickcns are kept to be in or remain in an unhealthy, unsanitary or noxious condition or
to permit the premises to be in such condition that noxious odors to be carried to adjacent
public or private property. Feeders and food storage containers must not be accessible to
rodents and wild birds. No chicken, ducks, and quail shall be kept or raised in a manner
as to cause injury to persons or other animals on properties in the vicinity by reason of
noise, odor or filth. Any building to house chickens, ducks, and quail or enclosed outdoor
area for the chickens authorized under this section may be inspected at any reasonable
]•
CHAPTER 155 ZONING CODE
time by authorized city staff to inspect for compliance with this chapter and other relevant
laws and regulations.
Revocation of license. A license may be revoked by the city council for a violation of any
condition of this section following notice and a hearing as provided for in this code.
Violations. Violations of this subsection are punishable with a misdemeanor citation or
civil or administrative penalties, as authorized by law.
155.22 R-1 Low Density Residence
B.8 Keeping chickens, ducks, and quail pursuant to 91.02.
155.22.5 R -1L Low Density Residence Large Lot
B.2 Keeping chickens, ducks, and quail pursuant to 91.02.
155.23 R-2 Medium Density Residence
B.5 Keeping chickens, ducks, and quail pursuant to 91.02.
155.24 R-3 Medium High Density Residence
B.6 Keeping chickens, ducks, and quail pursuant to 91.02.
155.36 PI Public Institution
B.8 Keeping chickens, ducks, and quail pursuant to 91.02.