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• THE HASTIN VOL. L. ---NO. 20. HASTINGS. MINN.. SAT DAY. FEBRUARY 8, 1908.. MIOTAHTORNNESLZETTE: SOCIETY, clothes strung from bow to masthead ASKING DAY AFLOAT l no longer be seen, and the boat- swain's mate will forget how to pipe, "Scrub and wash clothes!" When the Sailor Lads In the Navy Turn Laundrymen. A HARD JOB IN BAD WEATHER Each Man, With His Feet and Lege Bare, Scrubs His Own Clothes and Gets Them Ready For Inspection. "Jimmy Legs" and the "Lucky Bag." Have you ever noticed bow clean a well dressed a sailor lad looks wh on shore leave, how white his cloth look when you board the ship on v iting days? But did you ever reall that he was his own washerman? With a shrill blast of his silver wh tle the chief boatswain's mate w pipe, "Scrub and wash clothes!" a every man hurries to hisTucket, ge his soiled clothes, salt water sou draws a bucket of briny orf h ter, as the case may be. and begins h washing. He is generally barefooted at th time, so that he will not wet his sho and stockings. He wears his trouse very bell shaped at the bottom in ord that he may roll them up over t knee. After scrubbing and rubbing h clothes until clean he turns them i side out and with "stops" proceeds get them ready for hanging up. The tops are short pieces of twine, twist red with whipped ends, that hf use n lieu of clothespins. They ire las ened in eyelets placed at the aid earns and bottom of his shirts and th waistband of his trousers. He tur 11 his washed clothes inside out revent the right side getting soiled. They are then hung on a line whit ys the Youth's Companion, is ru om the bow to the topmast or uppe op of a fighting mast. The well i ormed man now usually puts his lothes to soak the night before in neket half full of water into whit e has either sprinkled a handful soap powder or a small piece of sa wm water soap. In the orning a littl rubbing and his clothes are clean an ung up, while the "landlubber" has ust begun. When they have been thoroughl dried, the chief boatswain again pipe Scrub and wash clothes!" and ever an rushes for the clothesline t clams- his own. If he fails to secure em within a reasonable time, the aster at arms, or "Jimmy Legs, es them down, and they go into th lucky bag." Then the only recourse e unlucky owner has is to go to th est, or the "stick," as the court on board ship is commonly called, and pe - tion the "first Iuit." or executive oe3 r, to order them released. As a rule, Jimmy Legs, who ha barge of the cleanliness of the decks ways has extra cleaning, painting an nd so forth In mind, and the m whose clothes get into the lucky bag receives so many hours' extra duty as gentle reminder to be more carefu the future. His name goes on Jim y Legs' time book, and when there any extra labor to be performed he called upon to assist This is usually the lot of the "lands an" who bas not been aboard long ough to 'learn the ropes." After they are taken from the line stops are taken Ont and the clothes lied in such a manner that they need ironing. These rolls are then tied each end with the stops and are towed away in the clothes bag. In way all his clothes, both blue and hate, are kept clean, and when Sun - y morning comes and there is gen- re' inspection on the quarter deck he as no fear of being reprimanded for ving on a soiled uniform. The hardest things of a sailor's outfit wash are Its blanket and hammock. e hammock forms part of his equip- ent, but belongs to the ship. He is, Wever, required to keep it clean. Is mattress and blanket are lashed to the hammock and stowed in the Wags or crates provided for that Mose- very day a couple or more men are etailed to stow them away and at ht to break them out It is this dung so mach that gets them fear - 14 dirty, especially while a ship is ling. When washing his hammock, sailor lays it fiat on the deck and es a wire brush to get it clean, with assistance of soap and lots of "el - w grease." n visiting a foreign port and before ship has come to anchor It will be rrounded by "bumboats," generally ging out washerwomen, who are ally negresses and who clamor for y work in the laundry line. They good work and charge very little it. They always show their refer - es from the last ship and always nt :: new one to add to thh's already g list is in wet and stormy weather that sailor has his own troubles trying dry his clothes. Round the uptakes the smokestack there is a drying m in which clothes may be bang' as they grow yellowish when hung e often this room is used as little possible. In the newer men-of-war re are installed washing and drying chines which greatly facilitate the ndry work, making it inexcusable a sailor to have soiled clothes. is machine, which dries clothes by trifugal motion, does the work rap - and well. hese machines, which are being added to all the new ships, will in time do away with all band work. The old familiar sight of a loaf tine of a R a P u 1r b h h J •m th m ti th m ti fee c al a a in m is is m en the ro no at st w da ha to Th m ho H in ne • Pa d han fn ca a ns the bo the SU bran usu an do for enc wa Ion It the to of roo but the, *5 the oma lau 'or Th cen idly T LAWS OF WAR. The Code That Governs Hostilities Be- tween Civilized Nations. The "laws of war" as at present for- mulated by the civilised nations forbid the use of poison against the enemy; murder by treachery, as, for example, assuming the uniform or displaying the flag of a foe; the murder of those who have surrendered, whether upon conditions or at discretion; declara- tions that no quarter will be given to an enemy; the use of such arms or projectiles as will cause unnecessary pain or suffering to an enemy; the abuse of a flag of truce to gain infor- mation concerning an enemy's poll• tions; all unnecessary destruction of property, whether public or private. They also declare that only fortified places shall be besieged, open cities of villages not to be subject to- siege of bombardment; that public bulldings of whatever character, whether belonging to church or state, shall be spared; that plundering by private soldiers or their officers shall be considered Mad missible; that prisoners shall be treat. ed with common humanity; that the personal effects and private property of prisoners, excepting their arms and ammunition, shall be respected; that the population of an enemy's country shall be considered exempt from par ticipation in the war unless by hostile acts they provoke the 111 will of thf enemy. Personal and family honor and the religions convictions of an invaded people must be respected by the In 'ceders and all pillage by regular troops or their followers strictly forbidden. GOT HIS OMELET. Why One Man Ceased Trying to C., Funny With Waiters. "I've never tried to be funny with a waiter," the traveler was saying. 'since the time when I had a little ex- perience with one in California. It was several years ago, and I was rather 'fresh.' I stepped into a restaurant one morning and ordered an omelet. What kind?' asked the waiter. "'Why, are there more kinds than one? I said. "'Oh, yes, sir,' he answered me; 'there are severaL' "'Well, bring me an oetricb egg ome- let' "'All right sir,' be said, 'but you'll have to wait quite awhile. It takes a long time to make an ostrich egg ome- let' "I told him I had plenty of time. He went away and was gore fully an hour. Then he came back twith a big covered dish. "'There yon are, sir,' he said, plac- ing it before me and uncovering it. "Well, It was an omelet, all right. and big enough for half a dozen men. Whether there was an ostrich farm In the neighborhood and he got a real ostrich egg or whether he made it from a couple of dozen hens' eggs 1 don't know, but I distinctly remerntwt that it cost me $2 -and I learned e valuable lesson." -Youth's Companion An Old Joke. lfy Lord Craven, in King Janie: First's Reign, was very desirous to eee Ben Jonson, which being told to Ben, he went to my Lord's House: but being in a very tatter'd Condition, n' Poeta sometimes are. the Porter re fue'd him Admittance, with some saucy Language, which the other d1,; not fail to return. My Lord. hap;:eu- ing to come out while they were wren Sling, asked the occasion of It. Ken who stood in need of no -body to rpe.►t• for him, said, he understood his Lord ship desired to see him; you. friend said my Lord, who are yon? Ben Jon eon, reply'd the other. No. no, groti my Lord, you cannot be Ben Jonson who wrote the Silent Woman. you look as if you could not say Bo to a Goose Bo, cry'd Ben. Very well. said my Lord. who was better pleas'd at the Joke than offended at the Affront, 1 am now convinced by your Wit, you are Ben Jonson. -"Joe Miller's Jest Book," 1739. A Wide Distinction. Barney Malloy and Mike Calrey were shingling a roof. 'Barney," Mike ask- ed, removing a bunch of shingle nails from his mouth and settling back com- fortably, "what is the difference be- tween satisfied and content?, "The difference? Sure, there's none," answered Barney. "If you're satisfied, you're content, and if you're content you're satisfied." "That was my opinion, too, Barney, me boy, up to now, but it struck me sadden -like as I put that last nail In that I am satisfied, all right, that Molly Calrey 11 my wife, but I am darned sun I em not content!" Hatless. An English hostess was entertaining about 300 people at a reception and bad provided only about seventy-five seats. In despair she said to a com- patriot: "Oh. I am so distressed! Not �ourthe of these people can sit "Bless my soul, madam!" he ex- claimed. "What's the matter with them?" Good For an Appetite. "Yon must have a good appetite," re- marked the tbtn man enviously. "What do you take for itr "In all my experience," replied the plump one, "I have found nothing more suitable than food" - Philadelphia Press. Used by MI!liorui aIume Baking Powder goo:Az:044y.= DESIRE OF DISTINCTION. .' saint Illustration of a Peculiar Phase of Human Nature. 1n "Doc Gordon," by Mary E. WU- kins-Freeman, is a quaint tlloatration of a peculiar phase of human nature. It develops with the visits of the two doctors to their poorer patients: James drove ail the morning with Dr. Gordon about the New Jersey country. The country people were either saturnine with an odd ehynesa, which had something almost hostile in it, or they were effusively hospitable. forcing apple jack upon the two doc- tors. James was much struck by the curious unconcern shown by the rela- tives of the patients and even by the patients themselves. In only one case, that of a child suffering from a bad case of measles, was much luterest evinced. The majority of the patients were the very old and middle aged, and they discussed and heard discussed their symptoms with much the same attitude as they might have discussed the mechanism of a wooden doll. If any emotion was shown, ft was that of a singular inverted pride. "1 had a terrible night, doctor," said one old woman, and a smirk of self conceit was over her ancient face. "Yes, moth. er did have an awful night," said her married daughter, with a trlumpbant expression. Even the children cluster- ing about the doctor looked uncon• eciously proud because their old grand- mother had had an awful night The call of the two doctors at the house was positively hilarious. Quantities of old apple jack were forced upon them. The old roman in the adjoining bed- room, although she was evidently suf- fering, kept calling out a feeble joke is her cackling old voice, "Those people seem positively elated because that old soul is sick," said James when he and the doctor were again in the buggy. "They are," said Dr. Gordon; "even the old woman herself, who knows well enough that she has not long to live. Did you ever think that the desire of distinction was one of the mos per- haps the most, intense purely e$ritual emotion of the human soul? Look at the wfy these people live here, grub- bing away at the soil like ants. The most of them have in their lives just three\ ways of attracting notice, the momentary consideration of their kind -birth, marriage, sickness and death. With the first they are hardly actively concerned; even with the second many have nothing to do. There are more women than men, as usual, and. al- though the women want to marry, all the men do not. There remains only sickness and death for a standby, so to speak. If one of them is really sick and dies, the people are aroused to take notice. The sick person and the corpse have a certain state and dignity which they have never attained before. Why, bless you, man, i have one pa- tient, a middle aged woman, who has been laid up for years with rheuma- tism, and she is fatglY vainglorious, and so is her mother. Ilse brags of her in-` valid daughter. It she had been mere- ly an old maid on ber bands, she would have been ashamed of her, and tbe wo- man herself wouln have been sour and discontented. But she has fairly mar- ried rheumatism. It bas been to her as a husband and children. I tell you, young mac, one has to have his little footstool of elevation among his fel- lows, even if It is a mighty queer one, or he loses his self respect, and self respect is the best jewel we have." Much Wanted. The following advertisement, quoted from a Boston paper of a date early In the nineteenth century by Mr. 'Anson in "The Stranger In America," shows that the domestic problem is not one of modern manufacture. But what mistress of today would dare to !im- pose such conditions On the hindrance in the kitchen? Much Wanted: A neat, well behaved female to do kitchen work in a small family in Charlestown, near Boston. She may pray and sing hymns, but not over the dishkettie. She may go to meeting, but not belong to the con- gregation of midnight worshipers. Inquire at Repertory oMee, near Bos - 'ton. A Natural Fortress. In the northern part of Madagascar is the most remarkable natural fortress in the world. It is occupied by a wild tribe who call themselves the People of the Rocks. The fortress is a lofty and precipitous rock of enormous 8120,1.000 feet high and eight square miles 1a area. Its sides are so steep that 1t cannot be climbed without artificial means. Within it is hollow, and the only entrance is by a subterranean passage. -St James' Gazette, { That's What Hurt.1 '1 don't like that there Mrs. 'dwell - man at all," said Mrs. Nuritcd "Wel, you ain't got to take no tae tics of her," replied Mr. Nurlteb. "But the trouble 1. she don't take so ( int bIIDNlt doth a mats work e*D mike o' 02e."-PhUa4Nrlds y may evO tar saotbatr.-$slot DID LEE EXPECT DEFEAT? the General's Sisificant Statement After 8ai Cruet. My last official in rue with Gen- eral Lee was ors retreat. I was sent to him with 't.. trwu Pres- ident Davis and - + -, :him near mid- night of April 0 near Rice's station. approached without being challenged by a single sentinel and found him standing near a smoldering fire with one of his hands resting ou au am bulance wheel. He was dictating some order to Colonel Meatball, who sat In the ambulance with a lap desk recely tag his dictation. Aa General Lee spoke he gazed Into the bed of coals as If weighing every word. There was no staff or escort about, so far as 1 could- see. Touching Sailors Creek, be spoke bitterly and said In answer to Mr. Davis' desire to know his propoeed line of retreat that It was beyond his control; that he had Intended to re- treat by the line of the Danville road, but bad been forced off that route by the arrival of Sheridan ahead of him at Burkville; that be was then follow- ing the line of the Southside road to Lynchburg. but the enemy was .out- marcbiug him and might force him off; that his movements were dependent on the development, of each hour, and then he added: "How can 1 tell? A few more Sailors Creeks and it will all be over -just wberel thought it would end from the beginning." When 1 first published thfs'etatSment its truthful seas was quesUonjd. F or.unately 1 afterward saw two of his staff, both of whom said iltejk had heard him ex- press himself in t*sante way. There may have bee� times when General Lee, elated �y dome of his surprising successes, fe topeful about the tri- umph of our cause. From the proba- bilities based on nuntiters and resources his judgment may have been warped away now and then by the feeling be expressed when, after Second Marina- ting, Sharpsburg, Frederlrkahurg and Chancellorsville, he said, "No general ever commanded such troops as those under me." But his mind was too mathematical in Its workings, and nil its calculations were too habitually based upon what could he done with a given number of men and a certain amount of material to make him forget the vast disparity betwecn,the contest- ants or hope for ultimate triumph. - John S. Wise In Circle Magazine A WITTY JUDGE. Mie C.eoteelews- -an gq idseee--eF Ditto and True. The late Hon. Noahh Davis, well known throughout the country as the judge who tried and sentenced Boss Tweed, was justly celebrated in many ways. He was of that type of jurist for which western New York was famed durtng the half century follow- ing 1850. Orleans county is proud of him as one of ber noblest and most dis- tinguished sons. Ile was slightly above medium height, full habited, large head, fine, clean cut face -indeed, a striking figure in any community. He was a well read lawyer, an honest, fair minded judge, with a keen sense of humor and withal something of a writer and poet The following lines from his pen, written on the spur of the moment and in the midst of a trial, Illustrate the alertness and quality of his mind. They are perhaps the best play upon words of which we have any record in the English language. It was at the Niagara circuit in the early seventies. Judge Davis presided. An action 1n ejectment was called. The dispute was over a party wall or a division line. It was purely a ques- tion for the civil engineer. The divt- alon line established and the case was won. The defendant's attorney, realis- ing this, called as expert witnesses the Hon. John A. Ditto. city engineer of Buffalo, and the Hon. A. R. True, the engineer who constructed the canti- lever bridge over Niagara river at the falls. They were two of the most emi- nent civil engineers In the state, They made a survey of the premises and es- tablished the division line as contended for by the defendant and when called to the witness stand so testified, giving monuments, courses and distances with sacs minute exactness that they could not be successfully controverted. The moment True` who followed Ditto as A► witness, left the stand, Judge Davis wrote these ilnes and parsed them to the clerk to band to plaintiff's counsel: f Mhos True swears ditto to Ditto, And Ditto swears ditto to True, If True be true and Ditto be ditto, I think they're too many for you. -Daniel H. McMillan in Buffalo Truth, Man end His Sweet Teeth. "If you want to have that tradition upset aboat women, only having a sweet tooth," remarked the stenogra- pher who works downtown, 'just go into a quick lunch room occasionally and watch the men who drink coffee sr chocolate with their midday meals. I give you my word I have seen not one, but many men, put six lumps of saw into their one cup of coffee or chocolate and tiles at apple pie that is fairly covered with powdered sugar." ...New York Press. Makes a Qlifersner. A girl who used to make all sorb of fun of those who were poor spellers is now receiving three fat letters a week from a man who can't spell cor- seetly mon than forty worts alto- g ether. But he has a big, nips haus* and money in the bank -and that spells comet ing to her. - Howard (Kan.) I.� S1 per Tear Io Adeline*. b per Tsar if not is Ade'acee, Absolutely Pare a chief • • ingredient of •i (r 4* WIPP 44 /KO ♦ `' (.01 Grapes, ..) !' ., healthful r *;� From to of fruits, comes the ROYALLAKA • GPO 4 The only baiting powder made from Royal Grape Cream of Tartar Cats a Gals merellosfibs aim a pite¢sb d hoe perdue. boa with Royal yes are we d pan, hesldJcl food, THE DRAGON FLY. $Insularly Adapted to Its Life of Aerial Piracy. No one could fall to be struck with the singularly perfect adaptation of the dragon fiy's structure to a life of aerial piracy. The tour wings are large and in proportion to their weight enormous- ly strong. Each is supported by a won- derfully arranged network of slender ribs, which give the necessary rigidity to the thin, transparent membrane forming Its basis. The miracles by which the wings are moved are mass- ive asalve and powerful and are so arranged among themselves that the animal is aJabteg stettris4 its coarse with an r anrifng a ra *Etch any bird might envy. In this power it is largely aided by a marvelous keenness of sight, for In addition to the two great, gorgeously colored compound eyes which make up so much of the bead the Insect possesses three smaller "sim- ple" eyes, making five eyes in all. The prey when overtaken 1s seized and de- voured by means of powerful, sharply toothed jaws. An animal which lives such an ac- tive life naturally requires a very per- fect breathing apparatus, and this is amply provided by a system of holes on the sides of the body which open into an elaborate network of air tubes, supplying every part of the system. The air in these tubes is constantly renewed by the regular compression and dilatation of the body by special muscles, -Chambers' Journal HIBERNATION. New and Why Some Animals Exist All Winter Without Food, The philosophy or nature of hiber nation and why and how it is that the hibernating creatures can go so long without food are interesting studies. In the first place, the creature in or der to enable It to sustain life through out the long winter during which 11 hibernates 1s endowed with the capac- ity of accumulating within its body a large quantity of fat This fat Is to the animal what a well stocked coal cellar L to a fire, and until the whole of 11 has been consumed the tissue of the body proper remains untouched. It has been ascertained that animals can endure the waste of tissue until it amounts to 40 per cent of their normal weight Should the weight be reduced beyond that point the result is death. But nature comes to the rescue of the hibernating creatures In another way When the hibernation begins, respira- tion and digestion almost cease (!n some cases they cease absolutely), and the circulation is only Net active enough to sustain life. As a conse- quence of this the wear and tear L re- duced to the minimum, and the cra- tore is enabled to pull through. -New York American. Thrift. They is an old fashioned weed that ought to come into use again -thrift, There are a distressing number of shiftless people in the world, and, while we ehall call no names, we hope every reader will pause at this para- graph and think seriously of thrift and shlftlersnebs.-Atchison Globe. The Changed View. Every man taker care that his neigh- bor does not cheat him. But a day comer when he begins to care that be does not cheat his neighbor. Tben all one well. He bu changed his market wart into a chariot of the sun.-Emer- ran- A Little M11. Cassidy -Ah, well, no wan kin pre- tint revtnt v'at's put an' gone, Casey -Ye Gould if ye only acted quick enough. Cassidy -Go 'long, meal Hew eoaid 7*?? Oasey-'Atop 1k before ft happens. FINE PRINTS. Cary With Which They Are Treated by Amateurs and Collectors. How careful collectors and amateurs of fine engravings are of their treas- eree is illustrated by a written agree - meat that a local firm of dealers in such things had t,r sign recently when they wanted to borrow several particu- larly rare engravings for an exhibition they were to have in their galleries. The owner of the prints insisted that from the time the box in which the prints were sent to the dealers was opened in the shop no hands but those of the junior partner of the firm were to touch them. The owner stipulated' expressly that tbe member of the firm was to take them out of the box, frame', them himpelf, hang them on the walk and when the show was over follow the prints back through these varions stages until a porter wu ready tc screw the cover of the packing box on again. The prints 'were so rare and fine that the junior partner cheerfully agreed to all of these conditions tot the sake of showing the engravings. That the prints were extremely rare may be appreciated from the fact that before two of them in particular came into the private collector's possession he nlede a special journey to Stuttgart Germany, to see them, and when be looked at them he left an open order it a dealer in that city to buy them, nc matter what they coat. He got them but he paid the highest pries ever known for sues engravings to bring. - New York Press. . CRANKY METAL Moods and Mystery That Are Em- bodied In a Piece of Steel. A cutlery company will make a bun dred razors from the same piece of steel by the same process, and part of the razors will be good and part of them bad. It may be fifty of one kind or seventy-five or twenty -five --nobody knows. The maker doesn't know; the buyer doesn't know. Barbers say that even the price doesn't seem to make much difference. You may get a good razor for a quarter or a bad one for $5. And the same razor will get a contrary edge today, so that you can hardly shave with it, and tomorrow, without additional sharpening, it will work like a charm. One tap will go on a bolt easily and stay there. Another tap will hardly go on at a11. A third may be screwed on tight and snug and yet keep coming off in spite of all that can be done. Sometimes men that work with ma- chines have a premonition of coming disaster, as do the men that sail on the seas or thread the winding paths of the big woods. Nature as well as pieces of mechanism seems able to com- municate to man why they an In a calamitous and threatening mood. - Chicago Tribune. Leather From Whale Skins, The British consul at Chicago has wade a report to his government eon - earning the whaling industry carried en by Newfoundland Ashermen. They have been attempting jo make whale leather a commercial product and are said to be meeting with some success. The average whale hide coven a sur- taco urtaco of about 1,500 square feet A square foot of the bide weighs from two to five ounces and is priced as idgh as 50 cents. The leather la very tough and is said to have great wear- ing earing qualities and may tberfors be adapted to the covering of furnituea, buggy tope and seats and also auto- mobile uses. It Is also claimed that it can be used for boots and shoes. Leather made from the intestines of the whale resembles kid and 1s very Thin and tough. It will bb collar noddy sad to to be Moroi t0 Sops - SURGEONS' CHARGES. Method by Which, It Is Said, the Fees Are Regulated, • Frequently laymen who have had oc- casion to nettle the bills of surgeons upon whom they bare called In ex- tremities to use the knife are heard to complain against what they call "the exorbitant charges of surgeon." A skilled surgeon may charge $250 for a simple appendicitis operation. The patient, who never thinks of com- plaining until he is convalescent, ob- jects oftentimes to paying the bill. He says, "It is outrageous for a sur- geon to charge 5250 for half an hour's work." The question of surgeons' tees often pussies a patient. He knows of one man upon whom a surgeon of wide esputatl:on has operated and charged only $75. He may know of another who has paid $1,000 for the same op- aatlon. He cannot figure it out. Yet surgeons of known ability and national, perhaps international, fame have a general plan In charging for operations. Tbeir prices range from nothing to (.5,000. They will operate without any question of willingness or ability to pay in any case where the situation is imperative. Afterward tbey will present the bill. The general public does not understand how a sur - goon will charge one man $50, another 5250 and another *5,000. Surgeons have a fixed price scheme. They aim to charge the patient about oft montb's income. They figure that any person who is in such bad condi- tion as to be forced to submit to a surgical operation surely can afford to give one month's income. They ascer- tain roughly what a man makes per month and send in a bill for that amount The man whose income is bat $50 a month pays 550. The man wbo gets $5,000 is asked to pay 55,000 -and generally objects, even though be should know that his 11fe le worth as much proportionately as that of hie poorer fellow. -Chicago Tribune. THE SHIPS OF TYRE. Types of These Vessels Still In Use In the Far East. Away back, even when Solomon was king in Israel, the ships of Tyre, manned by brave Phoenician sailors, went through the prehistoric canal where the Sues channel L now and navigated -from China clear around to Their ships were the models! far Greens and Rome and later for Venice, tbe Spaniards and the Portngneee. Only the Englishman improved on ehlpbtdlding, and from him all mod- ern models have dated. In the old Try* models the waist of the ship was low, so the oars could get good play on the surface of the ocean, and the sterns were lofty, so u to give room for stowing cargoes and to provide dry quarters for the upper mariners. As wind power came into use the waist grew higher and the poop deck disappeared. Step by step from galley to caravel, from caravel to frigate, the British ahlpwrighte improved on the ships of Tyre. But In the far east the models have remained much the same, and the ship makers of Persia and India bare stuck to the old Tyrlan models to the pres- ent day. Today their high square sterns re- call the ships of Columbus. The mar- iners still have to get out of sight of land and steer by stare and the feel of the wind on cloudy nights. They sail around Trinidad and carry pilgrims to Mecca. These vessels, on which the queen of Sheba might have traveled to visit Solomon, are used by native Hindooa, Arabs and by the peoples of Indo- China. On board the captain, his men, the cargoes, pilgrims add ebeep, asses and other live stock live in a proximity that would stir an American's stomach to immediate rebellion.- Nashville American.. A Metaphor With a History. To "know a hawk from a hernehaw" is a metaphor with a curious history. It Is a comparison drawn from falcon- ry. "Hernshaw" is a corruption of "beronhaw," or young heron, a bird which was a common prey of the fal- cons. To know a hawk from a hern- shaw is therefore to be able to distin- guish the falcon from its prey. A fur- ther colloquial corruption crept into the phrase, "to know a hawk from a handsaw," a form used by Hamlet in one place. Possibly tbe distinction be- tween a hawk and a hernehaw was fougd not to be strong enough for the purposes of the proverb. -Manchester Guardian. No Death Penalty. Barepean countries which inflict no death penalty, however brutal or pre- meditated the mime, are Italy, Hol- land, Norway, Switzerland, P and Russia, save where the lives the emperor, the empress or the heir to the throne are concerned. The an- ion of Zug, in Swittrerland, imposes the lowest minimum penalty in the woefd---three years' 1mprloonment for willful homicide, the maximum punish - Mut being imprisonment for life. - London Chronicle. The Hard Part. "How le your ton ptttag on to his asw position?" "First rater answered Farmer Dobbs. "He knows more about the bustnem sow than his employer does. All be bas to do now is to eoantsa dila -Laden 4 oaf