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llicitsTicwl3oeietl <br />ASTIN GS AzEnI1T1. <br />VOL. L. ---NO. 33. <br />MAY FIRES. <br />Ancient Scotch Custom Which Involved <br />Human Sacrifice. <br />Sir John Sinclair's "Statistical Ac- <br />count of Scotland" contains notices of <br />many old customs, which still contin- <br />ued to be observed in the Highlands, <br />though they were even then fast dying <br />out. From the eleventh volume of that <br />great work, which was published in <br />1791 and the succeeding years, we <br />learn, on the authority of the minister <br />of Callender, Perthshire, that the boys <br />of the township assembled in a body <br />upon the moors on May day and pro- <br />ceeded to dig a circular trench, leaving <br />the soil in the center undisturbed, so as <br />to form a low table of green turf suf- <br />ficient in size to accommodate the <br />whole party. <br />They lighted a fire and prepared a <br />custard of milk and eggs and a large <br />oatmeal cake, which they baked upon a <br />stone placed in the embers. When they <br />had eaten the custard, they divided the <br />cake into as many equal portions as <br />there were persons in the assembly <br />and daubed one of those pieces with <br />charcoal until it was perfectly black. <br />They then placed all the pieces of cake <br />together in a bonnet, and each in turn <br />drew one blindfolded, the holder of the <br />bonnet being entitled to the last piece. <br />The boy who drew the blackened por- <br />tion was destined to be sacrified and <br />was compelled to leap three times <br />through the flames. <br />Although the ceremony had degen- <br />erated into a mere pastime for boys, it <br />is evident that it must once upon a <br />time have involved the actual sacrifice <br />of a human being in order to render <br />the coming summer fruitful.—Gentle- <br />man's Magazine. <br />A QUICK TOUCH. <br />She Needed Money and Bent a Mes- <br />sage That Would Fetch It. <br />A day or two ago a woman entered <br />a suburban telegraph office and said to <br />the receiver of messages that she de- <br />sired to telegraph her husband, who <br />was away lu the country, to ask htm <br />for money. He pointed her to the <br />counter supplied with blanki and told <br />her the rate for a dozen words. She <br />struggled away for a quarter of an <br />hour and then handed in the follow- <br />ing: <br />"Won't you please send me £5 by <br />next post?" <br />"I don't know whether that will do <br />or not." she said as she felt for her <br />purse. "If you were to receive such <br />a telegram from your wife, would yon <br />forward the money?' <br />"Well—well, I might," he replied in <br />doubtful tones. <br />"Now, you wait. I don't like the <br />telegram at all, because I tried to keep <br />it within twelve words. I'll write an- <br />other." <br />She tore it up, walked over to the <br />counter and in three minutes handed <br />in a new one reading: <br />"Am out of food and fuel and want <br />£5 as soon as you can get it here. If <br />yon can't spare it I'll pawn the parlor <br />carpet" <br />"That would bring the money from <br />me," said the counter clerk as he read <br />• the lines and marked the number of <br />words. <br />"Then it will from him. Send it <br />quick."—London Tit -Bits. <br />Investigating Grandpa. <br />A grandfather, well known in the <br />English house of commons, was chat- <br />ting amicably with his little grand- <br />daughter, who was snugly ensconced on <br />his knee. <br />"What makes your hair so white, <br />grandpa?" the little miss queried. <br />"I am very old, my dear; I was in <br />the ark," replied his lordship, with a <br />painful disregard of the troth. <br />"Oh, yon are Noah?' <br />"No." <br />"Are you Shem, then?" <br />"No, I am not Shem." <br />"Are you Ham?" <br />"No" <br />"Then," said the little one, who wan <br />fast nearing the limit of her Biblical <br />knowledge, "yon must be Japheth." <br />A negativ reply was given to this <br />query also, fo the old gentleman in- <br />wardly won what the outcome <br />would be. <br />"But, grandpa, if you are not Noah <br />or Shem or Ham or Japheth yon must <br />he a beast!" <br />The Evil Eye. <br />The "evil eye" was one of the many <br />superstitions that at one time beset <br />humanity in the time of its Ignorance. <br />- It was believed throughout the middle <br />ages that certain persons had the pow- <br />er of cursing you by their glances, of <br />subjecting you to the fascination which <br />unopposed, blighted and destroyed you. <br />Amulets of various forms were used <br />against this much dreaded power as <br />well as certain practices, such as laugh- <br />ing, spitting and turning a somersault. <br />—New York American. <br />Doing Without the Dot. <br />The small letter "1" was formerly <br />written without the dot. The dot was <br />introduced in the fourteenth century <br />to disinguish "I" from "e" in hasty <br />and indistinct writing. The letter "t" <br />was originally- used where the letter <br />"J" is now employed. The distinction <br />between "I" and "j" was introduced by <br />the Dutch printers at a comparatively <br />recent date, and the "j" was dotted <br />because the "I," from which it was de- <br />rived, was written with a dot. <br />Valu. of Religion. <br />"Some people," said the Rev. Mr. <br />Goodwin, "can never be made to ap- <br />preciate the value of religion," <br />"That's right," replied Mainchantz, <br />the merchant; "they don't know how <br />to catch the church trade at all."—Phll- <br />adelnhia Press. <br />t, MINNESOTA <br />HISTORICAL <br />SOCIETY. <br />HASTINGS. MINN.. SATURDAY. MAY 9, 1908. <br />$1,000.00 <br />For Any Substance Injurious to Health <br />Found in <br />Calumet <br />Baking Powder <br />"Best By Test" <br />The Only High Grade Baking Powder <br />Sold at a Moderate Pries. <br />Complies with all STATE and NATIONAL <br />Pure Food Laws. <br />Ail Grocers Are Authorized to Cuarantee This <br />The <br />RELIGIOUS HATRED. <br />Intense Bitterness That Divide <br />Islam and Hindooism. <br />It is difficult to express the eterna <br />and inevitable hatred and detestatio <br />which bare always existed between th <br />Mohammedan and the Htndoo in India <br />It is often forgotten by critics that th <br />differences between the Mohammed <br />an's religion and the Englishman's <br />are minute compared with those that <br />divide Islam and Hindooism. They of <br />the east take their religion much more <br />seriously than we of the west, and 1 <br />the eyes of Islam the dog of a Chri <br />tian is far better than the swine of <br />Hindoo. <br />The Pathans of the northwestern <br />frontier—keen, hardy and relentless <br />fighters, without education and with <br />out the wish for ft—may stand as a <br />type of the Mohammedans. They are <br />kept from the throat of Hindustan <br />only by the presence of the British <br />government. If restraint were re- <br />moved from the Mohammedan the <br />Hindoos would go down like grain be- <br />fore the sickle, and the Pathans would <br />turn India into one widespread hell. <br />The first to fly would be our friend <br />the baba. Yet be is precisely the man <br />who today does all be can to make <br />British rule in India difficult Were <br />there any chance of his succeeding <br />agitation would promptly cease. Grim <br />indeed would be the silence of the <br />Bengali press about the moral delin- <br />quencies of the white man. The Brah- <br />man agitator knows his Englishman <br />and understands exactly how far he <br />may be trusted to go doggedly on with <br />his ungrateful work. <br />I once saw a curious instance of the <br />contempt in which the educated Ben- <br />gali baba is held by men of his own <br />blood. Toward the close of 1902 I was <br />traveling up to the Durbar at Deihl <br />and happened to be in the dining car <br />on the three toot Rajputana-Malwa <br />railroad. A well known rajpnt asked <br />if he might join me at dinner. I was <br />ted <br />deli h <br />and found <br />8 him a <br />most inter- <br />esting companion. From first to last <br />nothing could exceed his courtesy. But <br />in pausing In the midst of a sentence <br />and apologizing to me he leaned back <br />in his chair and stretched out his arm <br />behind him, barring the narrow pas- <br />sageway. A well to do Bengali babu <br />was stopped by the outstretched arm. <br />The rajput then called the Bengali <br />ugly things. He told him that he was <br />one of a filthy and seditious lot of cow- <br />ards, mangy curs that bit the band <br />that fed them, and he finished by say- <br />ing that, could he have his own way, <br />he would subject the whole lot of them <br />to a certain torture whose very men- <br />tion made the wretched babu a shade <br />grayer. I never saw encs a spectacle <br />of shivering terror. With a final sneer, <br />the rajpat told his victim to go, and <br />then he turned back to the table with <br />a pleasant smile.—Perceval Landon in <br />World's Work. <br />The French "Mrs, Malaprop." <br />Canno. the French "Mrs. Malaprop," <br />s does not amuse so much by the con- <br />fusion of his words as by the quaint- <br />ness and unintended plainness of his <br />n remark~. Ile entered the service of a <br />e wen known doctor, who, after Callao <br />. 1 had been buying hay for his horses for <br />e' awhile. made tip his mind that the hay <br />- Was worthless. <br />"That Is very poor hay that you've <br />been buying." the doctor complained. <br />"But the horses eat it, sir," said <br />Callao. <br />"No matter. It's bad hay." <br />n "Yee, sir," said Cal' -to respectfully. <br />s- "I'll change it. 1 know you are a <br />a much better judge of hay than the <br />horses are!" <br />One day the bell rang. and Celine <br />came In. <br />"A pntient has arrived, sir." be re- <br />• ported. <br />"An old patient or a new one?" asked <br />the doctor. <br />"New one, of course, sir." said Ce - <br />lino. "The old ones never come back!" <br />Callao admired very much the beau- <br />tiful teeth of a lady among his mas- <br />ter's patients. <br />"Ab!" be exclaimed. "Her teeth are <br />as fresh and sound and white as a <br />newborn baby's!" <br />An Interesting Experiment. <br />That the earth revolves on its axis <br />can be proved by a simple experiment <br />Fill a medium sized bowl nearly full <br />of water and place it upon the floor of <br />a room that is not exposed to jarring <br />from the street. Upon the surface of <br />the water sprinkle a coating of lycopo- <br />dium powder. Then take powdered <br />charcoal and draw a straight black <br />line two inches long upon the coating. <br />The line should be north and south. <br />After this is done lay upon the floor <br />a stick so that it will be exactly paral- <br />lel with the charcoal line. Any sta- <br />tionary object In the room will an- <br />swer as well, provided it is parallel <br />with the line. If the bowl is left un- <br />disturbed for several hours it will be <br />seen that the black mark has turned <br />toward the parallel object and has <br />moved from east to west in a direc- <br />tion opposite to the movement of the <br />earth on Its axis. This proves that <br />the earth in revolving has carried the <br />water with it, but the powder on the <br />surface has been left a little behind. <br />On the Other Side. <br />• A British soldier out walking with <br />his son saw an old blind beggar with <br />the inscription on his chest, "I Fought <br />at Waterloo" <br />The soldier said, with deep feeling: <br />"Give him something. He helped to <br />save your country." <br />The chlld dropped some silver into <br />the beggar's cap, and the old man <br />gratefully replied: <br />"Mere( blen, monsieur!"—London <br />DN. <br />Idiomatic English. <br />Mrs, Fremont, In a sketch of her fa- <br />ther, Senator Benton, tells tbe follow- <br />ing story of the French bishop at 8t <br />Louis at the time of the pnrcbass of <br />Louisiana. She says: <br />It was a point of honor among the <br />older Freocb not to learn English. bot <br />the bishop decided that It would be <br />better to acquire it, especially for nae <br />from the pulpit. To force himself <br />Into the familiar practice of the lan- <br />guage he secluded himself for awhile <br />with the family of an American farm. <br />er, where he would bear no French. <br />The experiment proved very success- <br />ful. Soon he had gained a sufficient <br />fluency to deliver a sermon in English. <br />Senator Benton was present wben It <br />was to be given. and his feelings may <br />be imagined as the bishop. n refined <br />and polished gentleman, annouio&-d: <br />"My friends, I'm right down glad to <br />see such a smart chance of folks here <br />today." <br />Lincoln's History of Himself. <br />When Abraham Lincoln was elected <br />to congress Charles Lanmau. then <br />editor of the Congressional Record. ac- <br />cording to the regular enatuat, for- <br />warded to Mr. Lincoln no well as t' <br />all other members elect a blank to I" <br />filled out with facts and dates which <br />might be made the basis for a bin <br />graphical sketch In the directory. Mr. <br />Lincoln's blank was returned prompt <br />ly, filled up In his own handwriting <br />with the following information: <br />"Born Feb. 12, 1809. In Hardin coun <br />ty, Ky. <br />"Education, defective. <br />"Profession, lawyer. <br />"Military service. captain of volnn- <br />teers in the Black Hawk war. <br />"Offices held: Postmaster at a very <br />small office, four times a member of <br />the Illinois legislature and elected to <br />the lower house of the nett congress." <br />Ancient Waterworks. <br />Hezekiah, king of Judah, wbo reigned <br />in the years 717 to 688 B. O., wu a <br />pioneer in constructing a system of <br />waterworks, bringing water into the <br />city of Jerusalem. In the holy book <br />we read: "He made the pool and con- <br />duit and brought the water into the <br />city, stopping the upper part of Glboo. <br />and brought it straight down to the <br />west side of the elty of David. And <br />Hezeklatt prospered in all his worts." <br />From the "pools of Solomon," near <br />Bethlehem, water wu conveyed to <br />Jerusalem, a distance of six or seven <br />miles, through a conduit of earthen <br />pipe about ten Inches in diameter. The <br />pipe was Incased within two stones, <br />hewn out to fit It, then covered over <br />with rough stones cemented Wisest. <br />Eveu in those days "boil the water" <br />was a well known Injunction. <br />Alphabetical, <br />Two commercial travelers In a rail- <br />way carriage entered Into coevetsa- <br />tion. <br />Oue of them tried hard to make the <br />other understand something, but be <br />was either very hard of bearing or <br />slow in believing. <br />At last his friend lost bis temper and <br />exclaimed: "Why, tllea't you see? It's <br />as plain as A B CI" <br />"That may be," said the oust; 'but, <br />you see, I am D 111 F." <br />MEXICO CITY POLICE. <br />Street Lanterns That Keep Them Vigi— <br />lant at Night. <br />"When 1 visited Mexico," said an <br />artist, "1 found innumerable things of <br />Interest, but that which gained my <br />notice particularly was the police sys- <br />tem. In the City of Mexico the pollee <br />at night are stationed at short inter- <br />vals apart in the street Each police- <br />man has a lantern, which is placed on <br />a stand in the center of the street It <br />1e his duty to retnain in easy striking <br />distance of this lantern at all times, <br />so that he will be on hanid in case of <br />an emergency. <br />"Any person who is able to reach <br />the lamp and lift it from its book be- <br />fore the policeman Interferes iseutitled <br />to a reward of $500. Any policeman <br />who loses his lantern la subject to in- <br />stant end dishonorable dismissal. This <br />is to insure constant rigilance on their <br />part and to require their presence at <br />a certain point at all times. At first 1 <br />regarded the thing as a joke, and 1 <br />tried to get possession of the pollee <br />lantern. But then 1 found that I was <br />greatly mistaken. Not once, although <br />I exercised extreme caution, was 1 <br />quick enough for the policeman on <br />watch. <br />"The City of Mexico Is one of the <br />Crest policed communities in the world. <br />Policemen are always on hand when 1+ <br />+1 <br />one requires them, and It is virtually <br />impossible for desperadoes to operate <br />in the open."—New York Telegram. <br />A SUICIDE'S HAND. <br />1 <br />1 <br />The Queer Superstition That Used to <br />Prevail In England. <br />In former times it was a common no- <br />tion that 1f a sick person could only <br />Ouch the hand of a suicide he or she <br />would be cured. This superstition was <br />especially common in the west of Eng- <br />land. In Cornwall touching a suicide's <br />hand was said to have once cured a <br />young man who had been afflicted with <br />many tumors from his birth. A sim- <br />ilar superstition regarding the touch <br />of executed criminals has been widely <br />prevalent and has often been recorded. <br />Robert Hunt In his "Romauces of the <br />West of England" says that he once <br />saw a young woman led on to the <br />scaffold at Newgate in order to have a <br />wen touched by the band of a man <br />who had just been executed, <br />At Northampton of old the hangmau <br />is said to have had a regular fee for <br />according a similar "privilege" to suf- <br />ferers from like disorders. Even the <br />co®n of a sulcide.,may have curative <br />value. There le a Devonshire belief to <br />the effect that If any one suffering <br />from disease can manage to throw a <br />white handkerchief ou such a coffin <br />at the time of Its interment the disease <br />will vanish as the handkerchief decays. <br />Mach superstitious value has also been <br />attached to the knots of the rope used <br />either by a suicide or In the execution <br />of a criminal. <br />Work of the Farmer. <br />Tbe countless millions of our popula- <br />tion are fed and clothed by the Ameri- <br />can farmer. The grain waving in <br />golden beauty upon the great plains of <br />the west, the cotton drifting like sum- <br />mer snow upon the fields of the south, <br />freight the fleets of nations and loose <br />their sails, thread the continents with <br />track of steel. till the earth with the <br />roar of trains and heap for trade and <br />commerce and useful art those stores <br />that make a nation great Where are <br />the sinews of our strength if they are <br />not found in our great, diversified agri- <br />cultural products? What victorious <br />hosts ever wnved as joyous banners as <br />those that limit above the tasseled <br />maize from the snows of Maine to the <br />spicy grove of California? What spirit <br />of beauty hovers above southern fields <br />wben fleecy bolls uncover to crown <br />"King Cotton!"—Hon. Ezekiel S. Can. <br />dler, Jr., of Mississippi in House of <br />Representatives. <br />A Mole Catcher. <br />A farm manager at Fodderty, Ding- <br />wall, Scotlaud, watching a mole catch- <br />er at work, saw sea gulls hovering <br />over and occasionally alighting upon a <br />turnip field in which the observer and <br />others were at work. A. particularly <br />large and handaome bird attracted his <br />attention by the graceful way it floated <br />slowly over the drills, intently scan- <br />ning the surface of the ground. Sud- <br />denly, steadying itself a moment, it <br />dropped, dug its bill into the heaving <br />ground and rose with a mole for its <br />prey. Resting a few minutes, it grace- <br />fully began again a further search for <br />prey. In a few minutes a second mole <br />was unearthed, <br />The White Evening Waistcoat <br />Anything that breaks through the <br />gloomy, funereal, waitereal aspect of <br />male evening drew is to be commend- <br />ed. But practically, as a general rule, <br />the white evening waistcoat cannot be <br />effectively worn much atter the age of <br />twenty-one. Black, It is well known, <br />diminishes the proportions, but white <br />undoubtedly Increases them. I see men <br />whom I have hitherto considered to be <br />slim appear in white evening waist- <br />coats and look absolutely corpulent— <br />London Graphic. <br />A Good Reason. <br />Pearl—They thought at first they <br />would be married In Holland. Ruby— <br />And what changed their minds? Pearl <br />—Why, they beard that old shoes lu <br />Holland weighed from two to six <br />pounds each.—Exchange. <br />Easily Settled. <br />Norse—Doctor, a sponge Is missing. <br />Possibly you sewed it ap inside the <br />patient Eminent Burgeon—Thank yon, <br />Remind me to add 110 to the bill for <br />material: Puck. <br />SI per Tear to Advent*. <br />Where the finet biscuit, <br />cake, hot -breads, crusts <br />or puddings are required <br />`loyal is indispensable. <br />OYAM <br />Ba ciar Powder <br />Altrol 'te &Pare <br />Not only for. rich or fine food <br />or for special times or service. <br />Royal is equally valuable in the <br />preparation of plain, substantial, <br />every -day foods, for all occa- <br />sions. It makes the food <br />more <br />tasty, nutritious and wholesome. <br />The Man Thee :Mndo Niagara. <br />%'ben the iiia to5spenslou bridge was <br />throwu over Niagi t:a there was n great <br />and tuniultutrtts npr•oung ceremony, <br />such as the Alltetrir its love, and many <br />of the great ones of the United States <br />assembled to do lienor to the occasion, <br />and among them was Itoscoe Conkllug. <br />Conkling was one of the most brilliant <br />public men wIon, America bas pro- <br />duced—a awn of commanding, even <br />beautiful, presence and of perhaps un- <br />paralleled vnnity. Ile had been called <br />(by an opponeatr n human peacock. <br />After the ceremonies attending the <br />opening of the bridge had been con- <br />cluded Conkltng, with many others,' <br />was at the railway station waiting to <br />depart; but, though otbere were there. <br />be did not mingle with them, but strut- <br />ted and plumed himself for their ben- <br />efit, posing that they might get the full <br />effect of all his majesty. <br />One of the station porters was so <br />impressed that. stepping up to another <br />who was hurrying by trundling a load <br />of lu;-gage, he jerked bis thumb in <br />Conkiing's dlrootten and— <br />"Who's that feller?" he naked. "Is <br />he the man ns built tate bridge?" <br />The other studied the great man a <br />moment. <br />"Thunder! No," said he. "He's the <br />man as made the falls."—H. Perry <br />Robinson in Putnam's Magazine. <br />Had a Treat For His Wife. <br />Dr. <br />GeorgeHarvie <br />y, a local veter- <br />inary physician, was called to a stable <br />not long ago to minister to a horse <br />that was down with colic. It was a <br />serious case, and the doctor saw that <br />the only way to save the horse would <br />be to insert a tube In its side and <br />allow the gas on its stomach to escape. <br />Just because he thought It would star- <br />Ue the owner of his horse Harvey <br />struck a match and lighted the gas at <br />the end of the tube. Tbe man didn't <br />say much at the time, but he was prop- <br />erly impressed. He had never heard <br />of using a horse for an Illuminating <br />plant. The next day when Dr. Har- <br />vey came around to see how the horse <br />was getting along—it was all over the <br />colic then—the owner tapped him on <br />the shoulder. <br />"My wife was away yesterday," he <br />said, "but she's home now- Just light <br />up the horse again, will you? 1 want <br />her to see IL"—Cleveland Plain Dealer. <br />Chinese Sun and Moon. <br />In China the sun and moon are <br />brother and slater. The moon is the <br />elder brother, who looks after his rath- <br />er silly slater, the sun. This la exactly <br />the reverse of our legends. which make <br />the sun the day king and the gentle <br />moon ladf of the night One day in <br />China, so the legend rune. tbe sun <br />asked the moon If she couldu't go out <br />at night The moon answered very <br />sternly: "No. You are a young Indy, <br />and it would be Improper for yon to <br />go out after dark." Then the son said. <br />"Bat the people keep looking at me <br />when 1 go out In the daytime." Sb the <br />moon told ber to take the golden <br />needles that ebe wore in her hair and <br />stick them Into the eyes of people <br />when they stared at her. This is the <br />reason why no one can look at the sun <br />withn,.t no in <br />Poor Consolation. <br />"Ob, dear!" exclaimed the society <br />woman. "I feel so wretched, and this <br />is my receiving day too! 1 do hope no <br />one will call, for i'tl be in misery alt <br />the time." <br />"Well," remarked her husband face <br />tiously, "1 always understood that <br />'misery loves company'" — Catbolic <br />Standard. <br />Her Bribe. <br />Unattractive Maiden Aunt—Goodby, <br />Jottie. Come soon again. 1 hope you'll <br />forgive my not kilning you, but I have <br />an awful cold. Jottie (aged six}—Never <br />mind. Do kiss ne, auntie. Mother <br />said she'd give me 5 cents if I'd let <br />you.—Exchange. <br />Fearful Tortures, <br />Some years ago 1 was a teacher in <br />Afghanistan, and during my stay In <br />that country i was often an unwilling <br />witness of some horrible exhibitions <br />of torture. Here is one they use in the <br />case of women to extract testimony. <br />It consists In prying off the finger <br />wails by means of a small chisel or <br />brad awl, which is shoved In slowly. <br />but firmly, from the finger tip down- <br />ward under the quick of the nail, which <br />is then lifted up and out. <br />This Is another that I once saw used <br />In the case of a small child who would <br />not own up to some petty theft: Sticks <br />were thrust between its fingers and <br />the fingers then squeezed together. so <br />that the sticks crushed into the bones. <br />So much for women and children. <br />Here is a method of eliciting Informa- <br />tion from an unwilling man: The cul- <br />prit is stripped to the waist, and then <br />boiling oil is flicked on to his back. <br />This seldom falls to find the man's <br />tongue. <br />The above are the chief forma of <br />"fahana," or torture, for the purpose <br />of eliciting information, but it must <br />be stated that such inflictions as nip <br />ping of noses, tearing out tongues or <br />splitting eyeballs do not come ander <br />the heading of "trauma," they being <br />punishments rather than tortures.— <br />London Standard. <br />Duchess* and Anarchist <br />Wpon one occasion the Dncbesse <br />d'Uzes and Louise Michel met at the <br />bedside of a poor sick woman whom <br />they were mutually aiding. They met <br />here frequently for a brief period. The <br />woman died. Louise Michel, who was <br />present at the death, wrote to tbe <br />duchesse: "Madame—Our poor friend is <br />dead. 1 have looked among her few <br />belongings for a souvenir for you. <br />Here is a small piece of passementer e <br />done by her hands. Accept it" A <br />few days afterward Mme. la Duehesse <br />d'Uzea, nee Mortemart, went to the <br />home of Louise Michel, the anarchist <br />—a bizarre abode at Levailols where <br />the poor found always both a good <br />word and a piece of bread—to thank <br />the "red virgin" for her letter and her <br />gift A friendship so wu cemented <br />between the oddly assorted pair that <br />was later not without result in the <br />operation of the most gigantic charity <br />of the Duchesse d'Uses--Bonlangeriam. <br />—Harper's Bazar. <br />Bear Baiting In Olden Days. <br />8o popular was bull baiting in olden <br />days in England that riots followed <br />the attempt to suppress It ina large <br />towns. Bear baiting wu mo popular <br />still, if that could be. I various <br />places, Liverpool, especially, It made <br />part of the festivities at the election <br />of the mayor, being held before his <br />worship started for church. Ladies <br />commonly attended in great numbers. <br />There was a famous bear at Liver- <br />pool which showed such grand sport <br />in 1782 that certain fair admirers pre- <br />sented it with a garland, decked it <br />with ribbons and carried it to the the- <br />ater, where a special entertainment <br />bad been "commanded," which bruin <br />sat out in the front of their box. But <br />of gossip about ball and bear baiting <br />there is no end. Enthusiastic lovers <br />of Shakespeare read with interest the <br />petition of the royal bear warden, ad- <br />dressed to Queen Elisabeth In 11196. <br />complaining that his licensed perform- <br />ances had been neglected of Ute be- <br />came every one went to the theater. <br />Reassuring. <br />Old Bullion—It galls me to think that <br />my money goes Into your spendthrift <br />hands when 1 die. Young Bullion— <br />Never mind, governor. It won't stay <br />there long.—London Tit -Bits. <br />At the Opera. - <br />"What was the matter with Signor <br />Tenors? He sang the drinking song <br />wretchedly." <br />"Yes. I think be had been drinktag." <br />—New Orleans Times -Democrat. 1 <br />TANNING OF LEATHER. <br />It Is Probably the Most Ancient of All <br />the Arts. <br />Tanuing of leather is probably the <br />oldest of all arts. Agriculture Is the <br />only one that would have a chance of <br />competition, but the probabilities are <br />that cold weather taught the first intel- <br />ligent anthropoid ape to move south or <br />cover himself with skins. Without tan- <br />ning the raw hides would soon stiffen <br />and In damp weather would tot and <br />become unbearable because of their <br />odors. Probably about tbe period of the <br />troglodytes, or care men, the art bad <br />its Inception, and right here is to be <br />stated one of the most curious fea- <br />tures of the art—namely, that while <br />every other art has advanced, the <br />methods employed by most tanners to- <br />day are quite similar to those used in <br />the time of Herodotus, a writer who <br />has told us more about the world as <br />he found it than has any historian who <br />succeeded him. <br />Herodotue says be found the Afri- <br />cans wearing skins for clothing, a re- <br />markable statement about the people <br />of a country in which the thermometer <br />rarely goes below 100 degrees F. The <br />Phoenicians used tanned leather for <br />the outsides of ships with which they <br />fearlessly navigated every square mile <br />of the sea of all antiquity. Babylonian <br />leather workers were respected in the <br />time of David of Judea. Russia leath- <br />er has held a proud place since the <br />first century of our era. Dyed mara- <br />quln leather from Astrakhan, at the <br />mouth of the Volga, made from goat- <br />skins, is famous the world over for the <br />beauty of its red and yellow dyes. <br />Then there is the ehagreen of Tartary <br />and Armenia, made of only a small <br />piece of ass' skin, a square of two <br />feet, just over the tail. <br />To me the most memorable thing 1 <br />saw at Tangier, Morocco, was a fa- <br />mous tannery tbtt dated hack to the <br />period preceding the Arabic invasion <br />of Europe. For some of the finest <br />grades a man was treading the skins <br />in a vat barefooted. Ile was some <br />wretched outcast picked up ou the <br />streets and in need of a few copper <br />coins to save him from starvation. The <br />guide told me that an hour among the <br />mineral and vegetable acids lu that <br />vat would cause the skin to peel from <br />his feet and legs as if the flesh had <br />been boiled. As hospitals are unknown <br />in Tangier, this seemed a serious pros- <br />pect for the poor wretch. This incident <br />recalled the unfortunate mules at Gua- <br />najueta and In other places of ,Mexico <br />that are put into the cyanide tanks to <br />separate the silver by tramping. The <br />poor brutes soon lose their hoofs and <br />have to be shot. <br />Morocco leather is made of goat- <br />skins, dyed upon their outer surfaces. <br />Not until the middle of the eighteenth <br />century was the art introduced into <br />France, where the highest grades of <br />Morocco leather are made !n these <br />days. But most travelers are shown <br />books In the Vatican at Rome and in <br />the Royal library at Madrid bound <br />early in 1700 that are in fine condition. <br />Dyeing leather red is the most difficult <br />of all arts in treating skins. The color <br />requires some mysterious mordant to <br />fix it, and not a dyer between Slogs - <br />dere and Aleppo will give up the se- <br />cret.—Brooklyn Eagle. <br />Wendell Phillips and Blaine. <br />When Wendell Phillips was last in <br />Washington be was for a few minutes <br />on the floor of the United States sen- <br />ate, surrounded by a group of senators, <br />among whom was Senator James G. <br />Blaine, always a favorite with Mr. <br />Phillips. It so happened that a few <br />weeks before this time Mr. Blaine in <br />presenting to congress the statue of <br />Governor King, first governor of <br />Maine, to be placed in tbe rotunda of <br />the capitol, bad commented severely on <br />the loyalty of Massachusetts and espe- <br />cially the Federalist party during the <br />war with Great Britain in 1812. <br />Of this party the father of Wendell <br />Phillips, John Phillips, was a conspicu- <br />ous member. When Blaine's speech <br />was made, Dawes and Hoar were sena- <br />tors from Massachusetts, and they both <br />essayed some sort of an impromptu re- <br />ply thereto, but did themselves little <br />credit in parrying the thrusts of <br />Blaine's glittering rapier. <br />So when Wendell Phillips met Blaine <br />on this occasion he said to him laugh- <br />ingly, "i wish 1 had been a member of <br />this body for about an hour the other <br />day when you made that speech ate <br />tacking the Massachusetts Federalists." <br />"Alt," said Mr. Blaine, with that <br />ready wit which never deserted him, <br />"if you had been here I shouldn't have <br />made that speech."—Exchange. <br />A Fatal Disease. <br />A celebrated general once inquired <br />of one of his soldiers the cause of his <br />brother's death. <br />"My- brother died, sir," replied the <br />soldier, "because he bad nothing to <br />do." <br />"Well, my man," said the general, <br />"that Is reason enough to kill the great- <br />est general of us all."—Exchange. <br />A Particular Patient, <br />"Are you sure that is what L the <br />matter with me?' <br />"Yes, madam." <br />"Well, you'll have to grew again. <br />doctor. I won't have 1t It's too com- <br />mon a complaint"—New York Press. <br />A Natural Curiosity. <br />"Do you know what I do when a <br />man offers me advice?' said the curb- <br />stone philosopher. <br />"Ala" <br />"Ask him if he's tried it." --Cleveland <br />a tronas. <br />